In the lab, scientists don’t ask cells questions — they measure gene expression. By tracking RNA, the messages genes send when they’re active, researchers can see whether cells are fighting infection, responding to treatment, or changing behavior. Techniques like qPCR, RNA sequencing, and single-cell analysis help decode these molecular signals.
Scientists don’t just count cases to detect outbreaks — they use spatial tools to find hidden patterns in disease spread. This article explains how scan statistics work and why univariate and multivariate approaches help reveal outbreak clusters and shared transmission environments across regions.
PCR and antigen tests both detect viruses, but they work in very different ways. PCR amplifies viral genetic material for highly sensitive detection, while antigen tests identify viral proteins for faster results. Understanding when to use each test helps guide diagnosis, screening, and public-health decisions.
Dengue in Puerto Rico is shifting fast. Adults now make up most cases, hospitalizations exceed 50%, and DENV-3 has replaced DENV-1 as the dominant strain. These changes signal a new epidemiologic phase — and may warn of similar outbreaks emerging across Latin America.
Natural insect repellents are increasingly popular across Latin America, but most offer little real protection. A 2023 study tested plant-based ingredients against mosquitoes and ticks and found that only a few—cinnamon oil, clove oil, and geraniol—provided meaningful, multi-vector repellency. This blog breaks down which natural repellents actually work and what that means for real-world disease prevention.
Natural repellents are widely used across Latin America, but most fail to prevent mosquito bites. New evidence shows only a small number of plant-based ingredients provide real, short-term protection—highlighting the risks of relying on ineffective products.
Metronidazole remains a first-line therapy for Helicobacter pylori in Latin America, despite widespread resistance. Because the drug requires intracellular activation to damage bacterial DNA, even small disruptions in bacterial metabolism can render it ineffective, driving treatment failure, persistent infection, and preventable disease.
An 18-year pediatric cohort study from Nicaragua shows that dengue, chikungunya, and Zika symptoms change with age and over the first 10 days of illness. Fever patterns, rashes, and blood markers evolve differently across childhood, revealing diagnostic clues that static symptom checklists often miss. Tracking symptom trajectories over time leads to more accurate differentiation of these infections.
Metronidazole is rapidly failing as a first-line Helicobacter pylori treatment in Latin America. High resistance rates in Colombia, Peru, and Brazil exceed safe empiric thresholds, driving treatment failure, persistent infection, and increased gastric cancer risk.
Dengue is not a single disease with a single outcome. While most infections cause a self-limited fever, severe dengue follows a different and far more dangerous path. This article explains the critical differences between dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever, why the highest risk often appears when fever breaks, and how recognizing plasma leakage can save lives.
Genetic mutations drive widespread multidrug resistance in Helicobacter pylori strains from Colombia, limiting the effectiveness of standard treatments and underscoring the need for precision-based therapy.
Dengue can occur without fever in children. An 18-year pediatric cohort study from Nicaragua shows that fever-based case definitions miss laboratory-confirmed dengue cases, some of which still display warning signs of severity. These findings reveal a critical blind spot in pediatric dengue surveillance.
